Pediatric neuro-oncology is a specialized academic and clinical field dedicated to the comprehensive study, diagnosis, treatment, and research of primary and secondary tumors affecting the central nervous system in pediatric patients. This interdisciplinary domain integrates principles from oncology, neurology, neurosurgery, radiology, and pathology to investigate the unique biological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and optimal management strategies for these malignancies in the context of the developing nervous system, with the critical goal of advancing therapeutic approaches and improving long-term survival and quality of life.